When you learn a language, sometimes even the best of dictionaries can't fully express the meaning of a single word with another single word in the target language. Sometimes, a word that is foreign can only be expressed in a phrase or sentence in another language... one of the many fascinating aspects of the language learning process. Today, I learned one such word from a Korean language exchange partner, 정 (pronounced "jung"). It took about 5 minutes of explaining and looking things up in dictionaries to finally comprehend its meaning, which, doesn't have an English equivalent. Then I started pondering about other words in languages that can't easily be translated into English. Below is a list of words/phrases that are found in other languages but whose concepts are not fully expressed in one English word.
French:
Dépaysement - The feeling that comes from not being in one's home country.
Frotteur - People who get pleasure from rubbing their crotches against the buttocks of women in crowds.
L'appel du vide - The instinctive urge to jump from elevated places. Literally: The call of the void
L'esprit de l'escalier - The feeling you get after leaving a conversation when you think of all the things you should have said but didn't. Literally: The spirit of the staircase.
Mépris - A combination of contempt and pity
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German:
Drachenfutter - A gift German husbands give to their wives after having stayed out late or have committed some other type of inappropriate behavior, i.e. chocolate, flowers, perfume, etc. Literally: Dragon fodder
Fernweh - A longing to be away from a place
Schadenfreude - Happiness or pleasure from seeing another's misfortune or suffering (This word is actually directly stolen and is used is English)
Torschlusspanik - Fear of diminishing opportunities as one ages. Literally: Gate close panic
Waldeinsamkeit - The feeling of being alone in the forest
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Italian:
Culaccino - The mark left on a table by a cold glass
Magari - An expression meaning "if only it were true!"
Mollica - The white inside part of bread
Ponte - An extra day off taken to make a national holiday that falls on a Tuesday or a Thursday into a four-day vacation (Literally: Bridge, it is also the word used for an actual bridge - across a river, etc.)
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Korean:
정 (Jung) - A feeling of attachment that is stronger than "love" and can only often be proved by surviving a huge argument with someone
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Russian:
Похмеляться (Pohmyelyat'sya) - The act of sobering up by drinking more (to ease the pain of hangover).
Почемучка (Pochemuchka) - A person who asks a lot of questions
Разлюбить (Razlyubit') - To stop liking or loving; to fall out of love
Разлюли-малина (Razlyuli-malina) - Free and easy life, great, wonderful, very well, wonderfully, super, terrific
Тоска (Toska) - At its deepest and most painful, it is a sensation of great spiritual anguish, often without any specific cause. At less morbid levels it is a dull ache of the soul, a longing with nothing to long for, a sick pining, a vague restlessness, mental throes, yearning. In particular cases it may be the desire for somebody of something specific, nostalgia, love-sickness. At the lowest level it grades into ennui, boredom (Credits to Vladimir Nabokov for rendering it in English)
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Spanish:
Duende - Mysterious power that a work of art has to profoundly move a person
Ser/Estar - Both verbs mean "to be" in English, but one is used for more permanent things or certain situations; the latter is used primarily for more temporary conditions, some idiomatic expressions, how you feel, and where you are (There are equivalents of this in other languages as in Italian essere/stare)
Vergüenza ajena - Embarrassment you feel while watching someone else's humiliation
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Swedish:
Lagom - Not too much or not too little, just right; enough (not always referring to quantities or amounts)
Today's Random Picture: